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MHDR / Forensics and investigations / Footage deleted or overwritten

Investigations & evidence · deleted recorder footage

A deletion can be undone. An overwrite never can.

Everything turns on how much recording the machine has done since. Taking a clip out of the menu removes one row from the recorder's database, while the video blocks stay put until continuous recording works back to that region of the disk. Stop the unit early and most of the material returns with its channel and clock intact. Once new video has passed over it, none does.

Nothing recovered means no bill Logged as evidence The recorder is writing over it now

Go through it with an engineer
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Two ways in, and one closed door.

The table you never seeEvery recorder holds its own table tying a camera and a moment in time to a location on the disk. Delete through the menu and that entry goes; what it pointed to remains exactly where it was.
Parsing it — the best caseWhere enough of that table survives, the footage comes off in sequence, every clip still tagged with its camera and the minute it recorded. Nothing needs qualifying.
Carving — the fallbackWith the table gone, the copy is combed for the frame headers of H.264 and H.265 video, and the results stitched into clips that play. Pictures survive; labelling generally does not.
Overwritten — the hard limitOnce fresh video occupies those blocks the earlier material is gone from the platter entirely. There is no second copy stored below. Neither software nor a lab alters that.

What each symptom is telling you.

Not sure? Ring the lab →
The symptomThe likely causeStart here
A user deleted clips from the menu or appOne database row went; the recorded blocks did notSwitch the unit off now
The recorder reformatted its disk after a faultFormatting lays down a fresh index and little moreCarving handles this; the odds are fair
It ran on for another three daysEach further hour of recording consumes more of the oldest materialPost it without delay
Nothing on the disk predates the incidentLikely overwritten; the free assessment settles itWe will tell you, at no cost
Clips play, yet carry no names or timesCarved video keeps the pictures, loses the labelsNormal, and flagged before you pay
Files from an earlier attempt will not openStreams were pulled off but never wrapped as filesWe rewrap those streams into playable MP4
If you post it in: equipment and media come in to the secure intake lab as insured, tracked parcels, and we pay the carriage home; ring first if you would rather talk the packing through. Fuller notes sit on the postage page.

The work, stage by stage.

The full casebook →
01

Booked in, then assessed at no cost Free

Nothing becomes chargeable until you have said yes to it. Each item takes a case number of its own the moment it arrives, an engineer establishes what has actually failed, and you are given a candid view of which files stand a realistic chance of returning. The single quote that follows is fixed, written down, and costs nothing.

Diagnosis at no costOne fixed quote, in writingNothing signed
02

Freeze the disk

The unit comes down, the disk comes out, and a write-blocked image is taken. From that point nothing more can be lost: whatever the loop spared sits on our copy.

Power pulled firstImaged write-blocked
03

Parse the index

Working on the copy, we look for the manufacturer's own tables — HIKBTREE on Hikvision, DHFS structures on Dahua. Parse enough of one and the export carries true channel names, dates and times: the form an insurer will accept.

Original times preservedChannel names back
04

Carve out of raw sectors

Where no usable index remains, the image is swept from beginning to end for the start codes that open H.264 and H.265 frames, and those frames are then assembled into clips that play. Your file list states which of them kept timing information and which did not.

Sector sweep for framesBare clips flagged as bare
05

Opened, verified, and sent home

Nothing is billed until you have seen the recovered file list in full and told us to go ahead. What comes back arrives on new media, with the return journey at our cost, and the case stays open at this end until you have opened every file yourself.

You approve the list firstReturned on fresh mediaThe return post is ours

Rules the bench works to

  • Deleting only de-lists — one row leaves the recorder's database and the machine carries on recording. The pictures themselves have not moved.
  • Compressed video is recognisable — H.264 and H.265 frames open with byte patterns that can be searched for directly, so carving needs no index at all.
  • Labelled footage carries more weight — a clip that still holds its own channel and clock takes far less explaining to an officer or a claims handler, which is why your file list separates the two.
  • The sums come before the quote — camera count, bitrate and disk capacity together give the retention window, and setting that beside the date of the incident tells you the odds in advance.

What the loop is doing: the disk is divided into fixed-size blocks and written in sequence. At the last one the recorder returns to the first and reuses it, whatever is held there. A deleted clip survives exactly as long as it takes the writing to come round again, which is why switching off is not a precaution but the recovery itself.

From the casebook, lately.

MH · MHD-2026-6552ON RECORD ✓

Most of a wiped week back for a Bray farm shop

Four of the five lost days were still described in the recorder's index, timestamps intact, and the fifth came back through carving as playable video with no labels. What saved it was switching the recorder off that same afternoon, after a member of staff deleted a batch of 'old clips' — one of which held a theft.

4 of the 5 days, timestamps too72 hours spent at the bench

Before it comes to the lab.

Do these now

  • Cut power to the recorder before anything else
  • Note the date, the time and which cameras matter
  • Post the bare disk just as it came out
  • Say at the outset who the footage is for

Things best not done

  • Letting it keep recording and hoping
  • Reformatting the disk to 'get it going again'
  • Running consumer undelete tools against the recorder disk
  • Accepting a verdict given before the disk was ever imaged

The questions people ask privately.

Is deleted CCTV footage recoverable?

In most cases, yes. Deleting removes the recorder's catalogue entry rather than the recording, so the pictures stay where they were written until the loop reaches them. Cut the power and they stay put.

Why can overwritten footage not be recovered?

The later recording now occupies the physical space the older one held, and a hard disk keeps nothing behind it. A promise to the contrary is sales talk rather than engineering.

Will the times and channels return?

Frequently, provided the maker's index survives well enough to parse. Where the work falls back to carving frames from sectors, the pictures play but the labelling may not travel with them, and the file list marks which clips arrived bare.

How long before the loop reaches the footage?

Three things set it: how many cameras record, at what resolution, and onto how large a disk. Retention can run from a few days to several months, and the busier the site the sooner the oldest footage goes.

The recorder is already writing over it.

Loop recording is already writing over what you need, and the deadline will not move. Open a case today: the diagnosis costs nothing and stays confidential.

0800 6890668